![]() When the air blew through the reeds, it produced a plaintive melody. He pursued from Mount Lycaeum until she came to her sisters who immediately changed her into a reed. To escape from his importunities, the fair nymph ran away and didn't stop to hear his compliments. As she was returning from the hunt one day, Pan met her. Syrinx was a lovely wood- nymph of Arcadia, daughter of Ladon, the river-god. One of the famous myths of Pan involves the origin of his pan flute, fashioned from lengths of hollow reed. Representations of Pan on 4th-century BC gold and silver Pantikapaion coins. According to some traditions, Aegipan was the son of Pan, rather than his father. Pan aided his foster-brother in the battle with the Titans by letting out a horrible screech and scattering them in terror. In Zeus' battle with Typhon, Aegipan and Hermes stole back Zeus' "sinews" that Typhon had hidden away in the Corycian Cave. The goat-god Aegipan was nurtured by Amalthea with the infant Zeus in Crete. Herodotus concluded that that would be when the Greeks first learnt the name of Pan. Herodotus wrote that according to Egyptian chronology, Pan was the most ancient of the gods but according to the version in which Pan was the son of Hermes and Penelope, he was born only eight hundred years before Herodotus, and thus after the Trojan war. "In the retinue of Dionysos, or in depictions of wild landscapes, there appeared not only a great Pan, but also little Pans, Paniskoi, who played the same part as the Satyrs". Kerenyi (p. 174) notes from scholia that Aeschylus in Rhesus distinguished between two Pans, one the son of Zeus and twin of Arcas, and one a son of Cronus. Pan might be multiplied as the Pans (Burkert 1985, III.3.2 Ruck and Staples, 1994, p. 132 ) or the Paniskoi. Like other nature spirits, Pan appears to be older than the Olympians, if it is true that he gave Artemis her hunting dogs and taught the secret of prophecy to Apollo. Īccounts of Pan's genealogy are so varied that it must lie buried deep in mythic time. In the mystery cults of the highly syncretic Hellenistic era, Pan is made cognate with Phanes/Protogonos, Zeus, Dionysus and Eros. This myth reflects the folk etymology that equates Pan's name (Πάν) with the Greek word for "all" (πᾶν). Mask of the god Pan, detail from a bronze stamnoid situla, 340–320 BC, part of the Vassil Bojkov Collection, Sofia, Bulgaria In the 4th century BC Pan was depicted on the coinage of Pantikapaion. ![]() The only exceptions are the Temple of Pan on the Neda River gorge in the southwestern Peloponnese – the ruins of which survive to this day – and the Temple of Pan at Apollonopolis Magna in ancient Egypt. These are often referred to as the Cave of Pan. īeing a rustic god, Pan was not worshipped in temples or other built edifices, but in natural settings, usually caves or grottoes such as the one on the north slope of the Acropolis of Athens. ![]() Arcadian hunters used to scourge the statue of the god if they had been disappointed in the chase. Arcadia was a district of mountain people, culturally separated from other Greeks. The worship of Pan began in Arcadia which was always the principal seat of his worship. 78, Pan is associated with a mother goddess, perhaps Rhea or Cybele Pindar refers to maidens worshipping Cybele and Pan near the poet's house in Boeotia. In his earliest appearance in literature, Pindar's Pythian Ode iii. Brown, the name Pan is probably a cognate with the Greek word ὀπάων "companion". The familiar form of the name Pan is contracted from earlier Πάων, derived from the root * peh₂- (guard, watch over). The connection between Pan and Pushan was first identified in 1924 by the German scholar Hermann Collitz. The Rigvedic god Pushan is believed to be a cognate of Pan. Many modern scholars consider Pan to be derived from the reconstructed Proto-Indo-European god *Péh₂usōn, whom they believe to have been an important pastoral deity ( *Péh₂usōn shares an origin with the modern English word "pasture").
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